AIA-2026-0018Courts and legalUnder review

Litigant cited hallucinated cases and uploaded the other side’s confidential information to ChatGPT (QTR v BXD)

The Employment Relations Authority found a self-represented applicant had used ChatGPT to write submissions citing cases that did not exist, and had uploaded the respondent’s confidential information into the tool. It ordered them to stop.

Severity 2 of 5: Moderate. Fake citations plus the other party's confidential information put into ChatGPT; stopped by a compliance order. How we rate severity
Date it happened
7 November 2025
Added to the register
7 November 2025
Type of AI involved
Chatbot (ChatGPT)
Kind of harm
Misleading information; confidentiality breach
Last updated
29 October 2026

What happened

In QTR v BXD [2025] NZERA 716, the Employment Relations Authority found that a self-represented applicant had used ChatGPT to produce a lengthy submission. It cited numerous cases that did not exist and misstated real ones. The applicant had also uploaded the respondent’s sensitive and confidential information into the AI tool, which the Authority found breached confidentiality obligations.

What happened next

The Authority made interim non-publication orders and a compliance order requiring the applicant to stop uploading or copying the respondent’s confidential information into any OpenAI platform.

Sources

  1. QTR v BXD [2025] NZERA 716 (decision)
    Employment Relations Authority, 7 November 2025
  2. Case record
    AI Vortex legal AI risk database, 2025

Change history

  • 30 Oct 2026 Added to the register.

Cite this entry

AI Incidents Aotearoa. (2025). Litigant cited hallucinated cases and uploaded the other side’s confidential information to ChatGPT (QTR v BXD) (AIA-2026-0018). AI Safety Aotearoa. Retrieved 29 October 2026, from https://aiincidents.nz/register/litigant-cited-hallucinated-cases-and-uploaded-the-other-sides-confidential-information-to-chatgpt-qtr-v-bxd/

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